Climate Change, Rapid Infrastructure Growth Behind Rising Landslide Frequency in India

What's happening?

Landslides are increasing across India at an alarming rate, with 1000 people dying from over 1,500 incidents annually. Both climate change and rapid infrastructural growth are significant factors driving this sharp rise.

Why is this important?

The devastating consequences of landslides include fatalities, injuries, destruction of property and infrastructure, and disruption of livelihoods.

What's causing this?

Climate change

Increased intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall are linked to climate change. Heavy downpours saturate the soil, reducing its ability to absorb water and making it more susceptible to landslides. Moreover, rising temperatures thaw snow, which adds to the water content in the soil.

Rapid infra growth

India’s rapid infrastructural expansion, including road and railway projects, involves constructing roads and buildings on steep slopes or altering natural drainage systems. These activities disturb the stability of slopes, making them vulnerable to landslides.

What are the consequences?

• Loss of life and property: Landslides often cause fatalities and destruction of buildings, bridges, and roads.
• Economic losses: Disruption of transportation and communication networks, as well as damage to agricultural land, can lead to significant economic losses.
• Environmental degradation: Landslides can alter ecosystems, damage forests, and pollute water sources.

What can be done?

• Land-use planning: Identifying and avoiding areas at high risk of landslides for construction.
• Engineering solutions: Implementing measures such as retaining walls, drainage systems, and slope stabilization techniques.
• Public awareness: Educating communities about landslide risks and preparedness.
• Climate change mitigation: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions to mitigate the impacts of climate change on rainfall patterns.

Conclusion

The increasing frequency of landslides in India is a serious concern, driven by both climate change and infrastructure expansion. By adopting a multi-pronged approach that includes scientific assessment, engineering solutions, public awareness, and climate change mitigation, India can work towards reducing landslide risks and ensuring the safety of its citizens.